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Scatter
and Bubble
plots are suitable to visualize relationships between data values. Both plots arrange data values along the horizontal and vertical axes and display points called Symbols
on the intersections. The Bubble
plot encodes an additional data value into the size of a symbol.
In its simplest form, a scatter plot visualizes relationships between two variables. For instance, the simple scatter demo displays the correlation between the GDP per capita and life expectancy.
A bubble plot adds the third variable into visualization by encoding it into the size of displayed symbols. For instance, the simple bubble demo displays the correlation between the diameter of a tree, its height and its volume.
You can configure Scatter and Bubble plots to split data values into categories and visualize them using symbols' colors, shapes, or both. For instance, the multi-category scatter demo displays the correlation between the GDP per capita and life expectancy categorized by the continent.
You can configure all these types using the Scatter
and Bubble
plot templates and their properties described in the following sections.
You can use the following demos to explore plot properties - open a link, toggle the Report explorer, select the Plot - Plot 1
node and use the Properties panel to modify the configuration.
You could also download the report files listed below and open them in the Standalone Report Designer.
If you add a chart into a report, set the plot type to Scatter
or Bubble
on the first page of the Chart Wizard
, and click the Next
button, the wizard shows the Column Settings
or Bar Settings
page that looks like the following:
The Data Values
section allows you to configure Data Values.
The Size Field
editor allows to set the Size Encoding for a Bubble plot.
The Values
collection of Scatter and Bubble plots determines the data values whose relationships you want to visualize. The collection items include the Value
property that should be a pair of bound field references or more advanced expressions. Values of the first expression are arranged along the horizontal axis, values of the second expression - along the vertical axis.
The Chart Wizard represents the first value as X-Field
and the second value as Y-Field
.
For instance, the Simple Scatter Plot Demo has the {gdpPercap}, {lifeExp}
Data Value.
The Color Encoding
enables the color legend and includes the Color
expression and the optional Color Aggregate
function that reduces many Color
values into a single one.
Scatter and Bubble plots calculate distinct Color Encoding
results for items produced by the Data Values
collections, convert them to fill color of corresponding data points, and displays the match between colors and encoding results in the legend. Colors come from the Chart Palette.
For instance, the Multi-category Scatter Plot Demo uses the {continent}
expression for the Color Encoding. Consequently, the report output shows the color legend that matches continents with the corresponding data points' fill color.
Note: The Color
property is the collection, but the Scatter
and Bubble
plots take the first item only.
The Shape Encoding
enables the shape legend and includes the Shape
expression and the optional Shape Aggregate
function that reduces many Shape
values into a single one.
A Scatter
plot calculates distinct Shape Encoding
results for items produced by the Data Values
collections, convert them to the symbol of corresponding data points, and displays the match between symbols and encoding results in the legend. Supported shapes are Dot, Box, Diamond, Triangle, Cross, Dash, Plus.
For instance, the Multi-category Scatter Plot Demo uses the {continent}
expression for the Shape Encoding. Consequently, the report output shows the shape legend that matches continents with the corresponding data points' symbols.
Note: The Shape
property is the collection, but a Scatter
plot take the first item only.
If the Color Encoding and the Shape Encoding use the same value, then the shape legend and the color legend are merged into the single one, as in the Multi-category Scatter Plot Demo
.
The Size Encoding
of a Bubble
plot enables the size legend and includes the Size
expression and the optional Size Aggregate
function that reduces many Size
values into a single one. The Size Encoding works only with numeric values and breaks them down into ranges that determine the size of symbols
. It allows you to encode additional information in a bubble plot.
For instance, the Simple Bubble Plot Demo has the size encoding is set to {Volume}
expression. Thus, the plot uses the range of symbol sizes derived from distinct values of the Volume
field.
Note: The Size
property is the collection, but the Bubble
plot takes the first item only.
The Chart Wizard allows configuring Size encoding
in the Size Field
editor of the Data Values
section.
The following properties allow you to fine-tune the outfit of symbols that form Scatter
and Bubble
plots. You can see their effect in action by modifying the configuration of any demos referenced above.
The Symbol Opacity
is a number in percentage that determines the opacity of symbols. 100%
means they are opaque, and 0%
means that they are entirely transparent.
The line properties, the Background Color
expression, and the Symbol Shape
allow you to set up the appearance of symbols. If the Symbol Shape
is Auto
, then the plot either picks the default value or applies the Shape Encoding
that we described earlier.
The Text Encoding
collection offers a way to configure scatter and bubble plots to display customized labels and tooltips on the data point symbols. Each item within this collection has the following properties:
Values
: This is an expression that can reference the values of the bound fields.
Aggregate
: This optional function, such as Count
or Average
, can condense multiple field values into a single value, evaluated within the current detail or category context.
Template Key
: A string used within the Labels or Tooltip template to represent the text encoding item.
Target
: This property specifies whether the text encoding item is meant for the plot's labels or tooltips.
Adding items to the Text Encoding
collection allows automatic display of configured values in Labels or Tooltips, based on the Target
value of each item. To further customize the text of the labels and tooltips, you can employ the Tooltip Template
and Label Text Template
expressions.
Apart from Text Encoding items referenced by their keys, you can utilize the following pre-defined values:
{valueField.name}
: Represents the field name to which the second item of the Data Value
is bound.
{valueField.value}
: Represents the current value of the second item of the Data Value
.
{colorField.name}
: Represents the field name bound to the Color Encoding.
{colorField.value}
: Represents the current Color Encoding value.
{shapeField.name}
Represents the field name bound to the Shape Encoding.
{shapeField.value}
Represents the current Shape Encoding value.
{sizeField.name}
Represents the field name bound to the Size Encoding.
{sizeField.name}
Represents the current Size Encoding value.
These values can be combined and formatted using the interpolation syntax and supported format strings that are also used for the TextBox Report Item.
For example, the plot in the Simple Scatter Plot Demo uses an advanced tooltip configuration:
The Text Encoding
contains the Country
element that displays the country of the data point:
Aggregate
= None
Value
= {country}
Target
= Tooltip
TemplateKey
= Country
The Tooltip Template
is configured with the following expression:
{Country}
{valueField.value} years
A subset of text properties in the Label Text
section and the line properties in the Label Border
section allow you to set up the corresponding visual parameters of the plot labels.
The Label Position
and an optional Offset
in pixels determine the location of labels relative to a parent data point symbol:
Inside
- inside
Outside
- on the top
Center
- on the center
Auto
- equals to Outside
The Overlapping Labels
property indicates the handling of overlapping labels. Possible values are:
Auto
- hides some labels to prevent the overlapping
Show
- shows all labels even if the overlapping persists
The line properties in the Label Line
section allow you to add the connecting lines between labels and their parent data points. The Label Line Position
determines the connection point of a label's bounding box and the line:
Auto
- selected automatically
Center
- on the center of the bounding box side
The Rules
configuration allows you to create if this then that
rules based on one or more data conditions to apply to the plot appearance. A condition is an expression that may refer to one of the following values:
Chart!CurrentData
- the current Data Value
Chart!PreviousData
- the previous Data Value
Chart!NextData
- the next Data Value
Chart!CurrentCategory
- the current Category Encoding
value
Chart!PreviousCategory
- the previous Category Encoding
value
Chart!NextCategory
- the next Category Encoding
value
Chart!CurrentDetail
- the current Details Encoding
value
Chart!PreviousDetail
- the previous Details Encoding
value
Chart!NextDetail
- the next Details Encoding
value
A condition expression can also include references to report parameters and standard operators. The easiest way to build a condition is to use the expression editor that you can open by click on the box on the right side of the Condition
property.
The following visual properties of Scatter
and Bubble
plots can be applied when a condition is met:
The background color of a data point symbol
The border color of a data point symbol
The border width of a data point symbol
The border style of a data point symbol
The tooltip and label template
For instance, you can set the following rules for the plot in the Simple Scatter Plot Demo to apply a custom background color for outlying data points(life expectancy values above 80 and below 50 years):
As a result, the output of the chart will be like this:
This group of properties determine the Interactive Action when a report reader clicks a data point symbol. You can use bound field references to pass parameters in a drill-through report or configure a dynamic bookmark or URL. The field value is evaluated in the scope of the current data value. Visit the Drill-Through Reports Walkthrough for more information. It explains how to set up the drill-through column plot, but the same technique applies to a scatter or bubble plot.