# COVARIANCE.S

## Content

This function returns the sample covariance, which is the average of the products of deviations for each data point pair in two sets of numbers.

## Syntax

`COVARIANCE.S(array1, array2)`

## Arguments

<span data-teams="true" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: content-box; transition: filter 0.5s ease-in-out; line-height: 25.6px;">This function has these arguments:</span>

| <span data-teams="true" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: content-box; transition: filter 0.5s ease-in-out; line-height: 25.6px;">Argument</span> | <span data-teams="true" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: content-box; transition: filter 0.5s ease-in-out; line-height: 25.6px;">Description</span> |
| -------- | ----------- |
| <span data-teams="true" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: content-box; transition: filter 0.5s ease-in-out; line-height: 25.6px;"> </span>*<span data-teams="true" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: content-box; transition: filter 0.5s ease-in-out; line-height: 25.6px;">array1</span>* | <span data-teams="true" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: content-box; transition: filter 0.5s ease-in-out; line-height: 25.6px;">[</span>Required] The first cell range of integers |
| <span data-teams="true" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: content-box; transition: filter 0.5s ease-in-out; line-height: 25.6px;"> </span>*<span data-teams="true" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: content-box; transition: filter 0.5s ease-in-out; line-height: 25.6px;">array2</span>* | <span data-teams="true" style="margin: 0px; padding: 0px; -webkit-font-smoothing: antialiased; box-sizing: content-box; transition: filter 0.5s ease-in-out; line-height: 25.6px;">[</span>Required] The second cell range of integers |

## Remarks

Use this covariance function to determine the relationship between two sets of data. For example, you can determine whether greater income accompanies greater levels of education.

## Examples

`COVARIANCE.S(J2:J5,L2:L5)`
`COVARIANCE.S(R2C12:R15C12,R2C14:R15C14)`
`COVARIANCE.S({7,5,6},{7,4,4})` gives the result 1.5
`COVARIANCE.S({5,10,15,20,25},{4,8,16,32,64})` gives the result 180