# INDIRECT

## Content

This function returns the reference specified by a text string.

## Syntax

`INDIRECT(Reftext, [A1])`

## Arguments

This function has these arguments:

| Argument | Description |
| -------- | ----------- |
| *Reftext* | [Required] A reference to a cell that contains an A1 reference, an R1C1 reference, a name defined as a reference, or a text string reference to a cell.  |
| *A1* | [Optional] A logical value that specifies what type of reference is contained in the cell*Reftext*.  |

## Remarks

Use INDIRECT when you want to change the reference to a cell within a formula without changing the formula itself. *Reftext* is interpreted as an A1 reference if *A1* is TRUE or omitted. *Reftext* is interpreted as an R1C1 reference if *A1* is FALSE. If *Reftext* is not a valid cell reference, INDIRECT returns the #REF! error value. Changing a cell value causes the INDIRECT function and all dependent cells to recalculate.

## Examples

`INDIRECT("A1")`
`INDIRECT(A1)`
`INDIRECT("R[-"&B1&"]C[-"&B2&"]", false)`