# C1Binding Expression Syntax Elements

## Content



The [C1Binding](/componentone/api/wpf/online-binding/dotnet-framework-api/C1.WPF.Binding.4.6.2/C1.WPF.Binding.C1Binding.html) class uses the [C1CalcEngine](/componentone/api/wpf/online-binding/dotnet-framework-api/C1.WPF.Binding.4.6.2/C1.WPF.Binding.C1CalcEngine.html) class to parse and evaluate expressions. The syntax elements described below apply to both classes.

**Case**

All expressions are case-insensitive.

**Operators**

Expressions may contain the following operators:

|   **Operator Type**   |   **Operator Symbols**   |
| --- | --- |
|   Comparison   |   < > = <= >=   |
|   Addition/Subtraction   |   + -   |
|   Multiplication/Division   |   \* /   |
|   Power   |   ^   |
|   Grouping   |   ( ) , .   |

The operators follow the usual precedence rules, so "1 + 2 \* 3" equals 7. Expressions may be grouped using parentheses, so "(1 + 2) \* 3" equals 9.

**Functions**

Expressions may include calls to the following functions:

**Logical Functions**

|   **Name**   |   **Description**   |   **Syntax**   |
| --- | --- | --- |
|   AND   |   Returns TRUE if all of its arguments are TRUE   |   =AND(logical1[, logical2,…\])   |
|   FALSE   |   Returns the logical value FALSE   |   =FALSE   |
|   IF   |   Specifies a logical test to perform   |   =IF(logical\_test, value\_if\_true, value\_if\_false)   |
|   NOT   |   Reverses the logic of its argument   |   =NOT(logical)   |
|   OR   |   Returns TRUE if any argument is TRUE   |   =OR(logical1[, logical2,…\])   |
|   TRUE   |   Returns the logical value TRUE   |   =TRUE   |

**<br />**

**Mathematical Functions**

|   **Name**   |   **Description**   |   **Syntax**   |
| --- | --- | --- |
|   ABS   |   Returns the absolute value of a number   |   =ABS(number)   |
|   ACOS   |   Returns the arccosine of a number   |   =ACOS(number)   |
|   ASIN   |   Returns the arcsine of a number   |   =ASIN(number)   |
|   ATAN   |   Returns the arctangent of a number   |   =ATAN(number)   |
|   ATAN2   |   Returns the arctangent from x- and y-coordinates   |   =ATAN2(x\_num, y\_num)   |
|   CEILING   |   Rounds a number to the nearest integer or to the nearest multiple of significance   |   =CEILING(number)   |
|   COS   |   Returns the cosine of a number   |   =COS(number)   |
|   COSH   |   Returns the hyperbolic cosine of a number   |   =COSH(number)   |
|   EXP   |   Returns e raised to the power of a given number   |   =EXP(number)   |
|   FLOOR   |   Rounds a number down, toward zero   |   =FLOOR(number)   |
|   INT   |   Rounds a number down to the nearest integer   |   =INT(number)   |
|   LN   |   Returns the natural logarithm of a number   |   =LN(number)   |
|   LOG   |   Returns the logarithm of a number to a specified base   |   =LOG(number[, base\])   |
|   LOG10   |   Returns the base-10 logarithm of a number   |   =LOG10(number)   |
|   PI   |   Returns the value of the PI constant   |   =PI()   |
|   POWER   |   Returns the result of a number raised to a power   |   =POWER(number, power)   |
|   RAND   |   Returns a random number between 0 and 1   |   =RAND()   |
|   RANDBETWEEN   |   Returns a random number between the numbers you specify   |   =RANDBETWEEN(bottom, top)   |
|   SIGN   |   Returns the sign of a number   |   =SIGN(number)   |
|   SIN   |   Returns the sine of the given angle   |   =SIN(number)   |
|   SINH   |   Returns the hyperbolic sine of a number   |   =SINH(number)   |
|   SQRT   |   Returns a positive square root   |   =SQRT(number)   |
|   SUM   |   Adds its arguments   |   =SUM(number1[, number2, …\])   |
|   TAN   |   Returns the tangent of a number   |   =TAN(number)   |
|   TANH   |   Returns the hyperbolic tangent of a number   |   =TANH(number)   |
|   TRUNC   |   Truncates a number to an integer   |   =TRUNC(number)";   |

**<br />**

**Statistical Functions**

|   **Name**   |   **Description**   |   **Syntax**   |
| --- | --- | --- |
|   AVERAGE   |   Returns the average of its arguments   |    |
|   AVERAGEA   |   Returns the average of its arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values   |   =AVERAGE(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   COUNT   |   Counts how many numbers are in the list of arguments   |   =AVERAGEA(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   COUNTA   |   Counts how many values are in the list of arguments   |   =COUNT(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   COUNTBLANK   |   Counts the number of blank cells within a range   |   =COUNTA(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   COUNTIF   |   Counts the number of cells within a range that meet the given criteria   |   =COUNTIF(range, criteria)   |
|   MAX   |   Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments   |   =MAX(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   MAXA   |   Returns the maximum value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values   |   =MAXA(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   MIN   |   Returns the minimum value in a list of arguments   |   =MIN(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   MINA   |   Returns the smallest value in a list of arguments, including numbers, text, and logical values   |   =MINA(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   STDEV   |   Estimates standard deviation based on a sample   |   =STDEV(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   STDEVA   |   Estimates standard deviation based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values   |   =STDEVA(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   STDEVP   |   Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population   |   =STDEVP(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   STDEVPA   |   Calculates standard deviation based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values   |   =STDEVPA(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   VAR   |   Estimates variance based on a sample   |   =VAR(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   VARA   |   Estimates variance based on a sample, including numbers, text, and logical values   |   =VARA(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   VARP   |   Calculates variance based on the entire population   |   =VARP(number1 [, number2, …\])   |
|   VARPA   |   Calculates variance based on the entire population, including numbers, text, and logical values   |   =VARPA(number1 [, number2, …\])   |

**<br />**

**Text Functions**

|   **Name**   |   **Description**   |   **Syntax**   |
| --- | --- | --- |
|   CODE   |   Returns a numeric code for the first character in a text string   |   =CODE(text)   |
|   CONCATENATE   |   Joins several text items into one text item   |   =CONCATENATE(text1 [, text2, …\])   |
|   FIND   |   Finds one text value within another (case-sensitive)   |   =FIND(find\_text, within\_text [, start\_num\])   |
|   LEFT   |   Returns the leftmost characters from a text value   |   =LEFT(text[, num\_chars\])   |
|   LEN   |   Returns the number of characters in a text string   |   =LEN(text)   |
|   LOWER   |   Converts text to lowercase   |   =LOWER(text)   |
|   MID   |   Returns a specific number of characters from a text string starting at the position you specify   |   =MID(text, start\_num, num\_chars)   |
|   PROPER   |   Capitalizes the first letter in each word of a text value   |   =PROPER(text)   |
|   REPLACE   |   Replaces characters within text   |   =REPLACE(old\_text, stat\_num, num\_chars, new\_text)   |
|   REPT   |   Repeats text a given number of times   |   =REPT(trext, number\_times)   |
|   RIGHT   |   Returns the rightmost characters from a text value   |   =RIGHT(text[, num\_chars\])   |
|   SEARCH   |   Finds one text value within another (not case-sensitive)   |   =SEARCH(find\_text, within\_text[, start\_num\])   |
|   SUBSTITUTE   |   Substitutes new text for old text in a text string   |   =SUBSTITUTE(text, old\_text, new\_text[, instance\_num\])   |
|   T   |   Converts its arguments to text   |   =T(value)   |
|   TEXT   |   Formats a number and converts it to text   |   =TEXT(value, format\_text)   |
|   TRIM   |   Removes spaces from text   |   =TRIM(text)   |
|   UPPER   |   Converts text to uppercase   |   =UPPER(text)   |
|   VALUE   |   Converts a text argument to a number   |   =VALUE(text)   |